Area A
Excavation
Spring 1980 by Brandeis University (dir. Seymour Gitin), summer 1980 - 1982 by New York University (dir. Lawrence Schiffman) and Hebrew University (Area supervisors - Ilan Sharon, Rina Rubinstein). Hebrew University continued excavating in 1983 - 1984, with Ayelet Gilboa supervising.
Publication
Area was fully published in Vol. 1-2 of the final report.
Stratigraphic sequence
Roman period
Local phase 1: meager remains - section of Persian-Roman street I leading from area B to area C .
Hellenistic period
Local phases 2-4: Section of the city wall, including a tower. Two partially-excavated insulae on either side of Persian-Roman street I (see plan) leading from area B to area C.
Intermediate Persian/Hellenistic horizon
Local phase 5: no massive fortification in this phase - outer edge of houses served as screen-wall. Residential insula west of Persian-Roman street I leading from area B to area C.
Persian Period
Local phases 6-7: Section of Ir2b - Persian offset-inset city wall is reused in this phase. Earliest evidence for the orthogonal town plan of the Persian - Roman period.
Iron Age 2
Local phases 8-10. Section of Ir2b - Persian offset-inset city wall is reused in this phase. No significant structural remains inside city-wall.